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12bb Push/Fold Chart (9-Max Nash)
At 12 big blinds the Nash jam ranges at a 9-handed table are 13% from UTG, 20% from MP, 32% from the cutoff, 39% from the button and 67% from the small blind. This is the stack where pure push/fold starts to give way to a raise-fold strategy — and the chart shows exactly which hands drop out first.
| Position | Jam % | |
|---|---|---|
| UTG | 12.5% | 166 combos |
| MP | 20.2% | 268 combos |
| CO | 31.8% | 422 combos |
| BTN | 38.7% | 513 combos |
| SB | 66.9% | 888 combos |
Chart
UTG — 12.5% of hands
| AA+5.46 | AKs+2.49 | AQs+1.64 | AJs+0.78 | ATs+0.29 | A9s≈0 | A8s-0.06 | A7s-0.15 | A6s-0.29 | A5s-0.13 | A4s-0.16 | A3s-0.19 | A2s-0.24 |
| AKo+2.22 | KK+4.44 | KQs+0.47 | KJs+0.27 | KTs+0.24 | K9s≈0 | K8s-0.18 | K7s-0.27 | K6s-0.33 | K5s-0.35 | K4s-0.42 | K3s-0.43 | K2s-0.49 |
| AQo+1.31 | KQo+0.05 | QQ+3.57 | QJs+0.21 | QTs+0.17 | Q9s-0.06 | Q8s-0.25 | Q7s-0.48 | Q6s-0.52 | Q5s-0.53 | Q4s-0.6 | Q3s-0.62 | Q2s-0.68 |
| AJo+0.42 | KJo-0.16 | QJo-0.21 | JJ+2.74 | JTs+0.14 | J9s-0.1 | J8s-0.29 | J7s-0.51 | J6s-0.68 | J5s-0.7 | J4s-0.74 | J3s-0.77 | J2s-0.82 |
| ATo-0.12 | KTo-0.18 | QTo-0.24 | JTo-0.26 | TT+2.1 | T9s≈0 | T8s-0.23 | T7s-0.47 | T6s-0.63 | T5s-0.81 | T4s-0.82 | T3s-0.86 | T2s-0.91 |
| A9o-0.4 | K9o-0.45 | Q9o-0.49 | J9o-0.54 | T9o-0.45 | 99+1.5 | 98s-0.23 | 97s-0.42 | 96s-0.61 | 95s-0.78 | 94s-0.93 | 93s-0.93 | 92s-0.98 |
| A8o-0.52 | K8o-0.66 | Q8o-0.7 | J8o-0.74 | T8o-0.67 | 98o-0.66 | 88+0.99 | 87s-0.39 | 86s-0.55 | 85s-0.73 | 84s-0.88 | 83s-1.08 | 82s-1.07 |
| A7o-0.61 | K7o-0.74 | Q7o-0.93 | J7o-0.97 | T7o-0.94 | 97o-0.87 | 87o-0.85 | 77+0.45 | 76s-0.56 | 75s-0.69 | 74s-0.88 | 73s-1.04 | 72s-1.23 |
| A6o-0.72 | K6o-0.82 | Q6o-0.98 | J6o-1.19 | T6o-1.12 | 96o-1.09 | 86o-1.04 | 76o-1.02 | 66+0.17 | 65s-0.64 | 64s-0.78 | 63s-0.97 | 62s-1.15 |
| A5o-0.55 | K5o-0.81 | Q5o-1.01 | J5o-1.18 | T5o-1.29 | 95o-1.25 | 85o-1.2 | 75o-1.16 | 65o-1.1 | 55+0.09 | 54s-0.66 | 53s-0.81 | 52s-1.02 |
| A4o-0.62 | K4o-0.89 | Q4o-1.05 | J4o-1.23 | T4o-1.31 | 94o-1.41 | 84o-1.39 | 74o-1.36 | 64o-1.3 | 54o-1.14 | 44≈0 | 43s-0.86 | 42s-1.06 |
| A3o-0.67 | K3o-0.92 | Q3o-1.1 | J3o-1.27 | T3o-1.36 | 93o-1.42 | 83o-1.59 | 73o-1.55 | 63o-1.46 | 53o-1.31 | 43o-1.36 | 33-0.05 | 32s-1.1 |
| A2o-0.71 | K2o-0.98 | Q2o-1.16 | J2o-1.32 | T2o-1.42 | 92o-1.51 | 82o-1.59 | 72o-1.75 | 62o-1.67 | 52o-1.52 | 42o-1.58 | 32o-1.61 | 22-0.1 |
MP — 20.2% of hands
| AA+5.73 | AKs+2.97 | AQs+2.42 | AJs+1.79 | ATs+1.27 | A9s+0.71 | A8s+0.45 | A7s+0.34 | A6s+0.2 | A5s+0.3 | A4s+0.19 | A3s+0.11 | A2s+0.06 |
| AKo+2.74 | KK+4.77 | KQs+0.84 | KJs+0.48 | KTs+0.32 | K9s+0.08 | K8s-0.06 | K7s-0.1 | K6s-0.15 | K5s-0.22 | K4s-0.35 | K3s-0.42 | K2s-0.48 |
| AQo+2.12 | KQo+0.43 | QQ+4.08 | QJs+0.42 | QTs+0.32 | Q9s+0.07 | Q8s-0.07 | Q7s-0.25 | Q6s-0.28 | Q5s-0.37 | Q4s-0.47 | Q3s-0.56 | Q2s-0.62 |
| AJo+1.47 | KJo+0.05 | QJo≈0 | JJ+3.45 | JTs+0.37 | J9s+0.11 | J8s≈0 | J7s-0.22 | J6s-0.4 | J5s-0.46 | J4s-0.55 | J3s-0.64 | J2s-0.68 |
| ATo+0.91 | KTo-0.11 | QTo-0.1 | JTo-0.05 | TT+2.93 | T9s+0.17 | T8s≈0 | T7s-0.17 | T6s-0.36 | T5s-0.59 | T4s-0.66 | T3s-0.73 | T2s-0.8 |
| A9o+0.31 | K9o-0.39 | Q9o-0.38 | J9o-0.34 | T9o-0.27 | 99+2.36 | 98s≈0 | 97s-0.14 | 96s-0.33 | 95s-0.55 | 94s-0.78 | 93s-0.82 | 92s-0.88 |
| A8o≈0 | K8o-0.54 | Q8o-0.54 | J8o-0.49 | T8o-0.43 | 98o-0.41 | 88+1.93 | 87s≈0 | 86s-0.22 | 85s-0.47 | 84s-0.68 | 83s-0.91 | 82s-0.93 |
| A7o-0.1 | K7o-0.57 | Q7o-0.73 | J7o-0.68 | T7o-0.64 | 97o-0.59 | 87o-0.51 | 77+1.55 | 76s-0.17 | 75s-0.37 | 74s-0.63 | 73s-0.84 | 72s-1.04 |
| A6o-0.22 | K6o-0.64 | Q6o-0.75 | J6o-0.9 | T6o-0.85 | 96o-0.8 | 86o-0.7 | 76o-0.64 | 66+1.22 | 65s-0.3 | 64s-0.53 | 63s-0.75 | 62s-0.94 |
| A5o-0.13 | K5o-0.7 | Q5o-0.84 | J5o-0.94 | T5o-1.07 | 95o-1.03 | 85o-0.94 | 75o-0.86 | 65o-0.76 | 55+0.85 | 54s-0.45 | 53s-0.65 | 52s-0.87 |
| A4o-0.26 | K4o-0.84 | Q4o-0.95 | J4o-1.06 | T4o-1.15 | 94o-1.28 | 84o-1.2 | 74o-1.11 | 64o-1.03 | 54o-0.93 | 44+0.47 | 43s-0.78 | 42s-0.98 |
| A3o-0.36 | K3o-0.93 | Q3o-1.04 | J3o-1.14 | T3o-1.26 | 93o-1.34 | 83o-1.44 | 73o-1.36 | 63o-1.26 | 53o-1.16 | 43o-1.3 | 33+0.22 | 32s-1.09 |
| A2o-0.41 | K2o-0.98 | Q2o-1.12 | J2o-1.2 | T2o-1.32 | 92o-1.42 | 82o-1.44 | 72o-1.57 | 62o-1.46 | 52o-1.39 | 42o-1.51 | 32o-1.61 | 22+0.14 |
CO — 31.8% of hands
| AA+5.8 | AKs+3.44 | AQs+3.02 | AJs+2.63 | ATs+2.24 | A9s+1.72 | A8s+1.39 | A7s+1.12 | A6s+0.87 | A5s+0.89 | A4s+0.76 | A3s+0.68 | A2s+0.6 |
| AKo+3.23 | KK+4.86 | KQs+1.27 | KJs+0.94 | KTs+0.63 | K9s+0.29 | K8s+0.09 | K7s≈0 | K6s≈0 | K5s-0.08 | K4s-0.17 | K3s-0.24 | K2s-0.33 |
| AQo+2.76 | KQo+0.89 | QQ+4.33 | QJs+0.63 | QTs+0.49 | Q9s+0.23 | Q8s+0.06 | Q7s-0.16 | Q6s-0.17 | Q5s-0.24 | Q4s-0.32 | Q3s-0.41 | Q2s-0.5 |
| AJo+2.37 | KJo+0.53 | QJo+0.19 | JJ+3.83 | JTs+0.51 | J9s+0.27 | J8s+0.09 | J7s-0.11 | J6s-0.27 | J5s-0.33 | J4s-0.4 | J3s-0.49 | J2s-0.57 |
| ATo+1.94 | KTo+0.2 | QTo+0.06 | JTo+0.08 | TT+3.39 | T9s+0.35 | T8s+0.18 | T7s≈0 | T6s-0.2 | T5s-0.43 | T4s-0.47 | T3s-0.55 | T2s-0.65 |
| A9o+1.38 | K9o-0.18 | Q9o-0.23 | J9o-0.17 | T9o-0.08 | 99+2.93 | 98s+0.22 | 97s≈0 | 96s-0.14 | 95s-0.36 | 94s-0.58 | 93s-0.62 | 92s-0.71 |
| A8o+1.01 | K8o-0.4 | Q8o-0.42 | J8o-0.37 | T8o-0.28 | 98o-0.23 | 88+2.56 | 87s+0.12 | 86s-0.05 | 85s-0.28 | 84s-0.49 | 83s-0.72 | 82s-0.76 |
| A7o+0.72 | K7o-0.44 | Q7o-0.63 | J7o-0.57 | T7o-0.49 | 97o-0.43 | 87o-0.34 | 77+2.21 | 76s≈0 | 75s-0.19 | 74s-0.42 | 73s-0.66 | 72s-0.87 |
| A6o+0.46 | K6o-0.48 | Q6o-0.63 | J6o-0.78 | T6o-0.69 | 96o-0.62 | 86o-0.53 | 76o-0.46 | 66+1.9 | 65s-0.1 | 64s-0.32 | 63s-0.54 | 62s-0.76 |
| A5o+0.48 | K5o-0.55 | Q5o-0.72 | J5o-0.81 | T5o-0.92 | 95o-0.85 | 85o-0.76 | 75o-0.69 | 65o-0.57 | 55+1.58 | 54s-0.21 | 53s-0.43 | 52s-0.68 |
| A4o+0.35 | K4o-0.67 | Q4o-0.81 | J4o-0.9 | T4o-0.97 | 94o-1.09 | 84o-1 | 74o-0.91 | 64o-0.81 | 54o-0.7 | 44+1.24 | 43s-0.53 | 42s-0.76 |
| A3o+0.24 | K3o-0.75 | Q3o-0.9 | J3o-1 | T3o-1.08 | 93o-1.14 | 83o-1.24 | 73o-1.16 | 63o-1.05 | 53o-0.93 | 43o-1.06 | 33+0.91 | 32s-0.87 |
| A2o+0.16 | K2o-0.84 | Q2o-1 | J2o-1.08 | T2o-1.16 | 92o-1.24 | 82o-1.28 | 72o-1.41 | 62o-1.29 | 52o-1.2 | 42o-1.3 | 32o-1.39 | 22+0.66 |
BTN — 38.7% of hands
| AA+5.64 | AKs+3.56 | AQs+3.24 | AJs+2.93 | ATs+2.66 | A9s+2.22 | A8s+1.9 | A7s+1.66 | A6s+1.43 | A5s+1.4 | A4s+1.27 | A3s+1.2 | A2s+1.11 |
| AKo+3.37 | KK+4.83 | KQs+1.7 | KJs+1.45 | KTs+1.19 | K9s+0.78 | K8s+0.49 | K7s+0.43 | K6s+0.37 | K5s+0.29 | K4s+0.2 | K3s+0.13 | K2s≈0 |
| AQo+3.01 | KQo+1.37 | QQ+4.31 | QJs+0.97 | QTs+0.74 | Q9s+0.4 | Q8s+0.24 | Q7s+0.05 | Q6s+0.05 | Q5s≈0 | Q4s-0.11 | Q3s-0.2 | Q2s-0.3 |
| AJo+2.69 | KJo+1.08 | QJo+0.58 | JJ+3.89 | JTs+0.67 | J9s+0.41 | J8s+0.26 | J7s+0.09 | J6s-0.07 | J5s-0.12 | J4s-0.2 | J3s-0.28 | J2s-0.38 |
| ATo+2.4 | KTo+0.81 | QTo+0.35 | JTo+0.26 | TT+3.5 | T9s+0.48 | T8s+0.34 | T7s+0.17 | T6s≈0 | T5s-0.22 | T4s-0.26 | T3s-0.35 | T2s-0.44 |
| A9o+1.91 | K9o+0.36 | Q9o≈0 | J9o≈0 | T9o+0.06 | 99+3.04 | 98s+0.38 | 97s+0.22 | 96s+0.05 | 95s-0.16 | 94s-0.38 | 93s-0.42 | 92s-0.51 |
| A8o+1.56 | K8o+0.06 | Q8o-0.22 | J8o-0.18 | T8o-0.1 | 98o-0.05 | 88+2.71 | 87s+0.32 | 86s+0.16 | 85s-0.06 | 84s-0.27 | 83s-0.49 | 82s-0.55 |
| A7o+1.32 | K7o≈0 | Q7o-0.39 | J7o-0.36 | T7o-0.29 | 97o-0.23 | 87o-0.12 | 77+2.44 | 76s+0.23 | 75s≈0 | 74s-0.18 | 73s-0.41 | 72s-0.63 |
| A6o+1.06 | K6o-0.07 | Q6o-0.41 | J6o-0.55 | T6o-0.47 | 96o-0.41 | 86o-0.3 | 76o-0.22 | 66+2.18 | 65s+0.12 | 64s-0.09 | 63s-0.3 | 62s-0.53 |
| A5o+1.04 | K5o-0.15 | Q5o-0.49 | J5o-0.58 | T5o-0.69 | 95o-0.62 | 85o-0.52 | 75o-0.43 | 65o-0.32 | 55+1.92 | 54s≈0 | 53s-0.2 | 52s-0.44 |
| A4o+0.9 | K4o-0.25 | Q4o-0.57 | J4o-0.68 | T4o-0.75 | 94o-0.86 | 84o-0.74 | 74o-0.65 | 64o-0.55 | 54o-0.44 | 44+1.62 | 43s-0.3 | 42s-0.51 |
| A3o+0.81 | K3o-0.34 | Q3o-0.66 | J3o-0.77 | T3o-0.84 | 93o-0.91 | 83o-0.99 | 73o-0.89 | 63o-0.79 | 53o-0.67 | 43o-0.79 | 33+1.3 | 32s-0.62 |
| A2o+0.72 | K2o-0.43 | Q2o-0.76 | J2o-0.86 | T2o-0.94 | 92o-1.02 | 82o-1.03 | 72o-1.14 | 62o-1.03 | 52o-0.92 | 42o-1.03 | 32o-1.11 | 22+1.01 |
SB — 66.9% of hands
| AA+5.68 | AKs+3.72 | AQs+3.46 | AJs+3.25 | ATs+3.09 | A9s+2.78 | A8s+2.59 | A7s+2.4 | A6s+2.21 | A5s+2.2 | A4s+2.11 | A3s+2.03 | A2s+1.96 |
| AKo+3.54 | KK+5.01 | KQs+2.7 | KJs+2.5 | KTs+2.32 | K9s+2.02 | K8s+1.73 | K7s+1.55 | K6s+1.4 | K5s+1.27 | K4s+1.17 | K3s+1.11 | K2s+1.02 |
| AQo+3.26 | KQo+2.46 | QQ+4.52 | QJs+1.82 | QTs+1.66 | Q9s+1.35 | Q8s+1.07 | Q7s+0.8 | Q6s+0.72 | Q5s+0.63 | Q4s+0.56 | Q3s+0.49 | Q2s+0.41 |
| AJo+3.04 | KJo+2.24 | QJo+1.5 | JJ+4.14 | JTs+1.34 | J9s+1.02 | J8s+0.75 | J7s+0.53 | J6s+0.37 | J5s+0.34 | J4s+0.27 | J3s+0.2 | J2s+0.12 |
| ATo+2.85 | KTo+2.04 | QTo+1.34 | JTo+0.98 | TT+3.81 | T9s+0.91 | T8s+0.69 | T7s+0.51 | T6s+0.35 | T5s+0.17 | T4s+0.14 | T3s+0.06 | T2s≈0 |
| A9o+2.51 | K9o+1.72 | Q9o+1 | J9o+0.66 | T9o+0.54 | 99+3.41 | 98s+0.69 | 97s+0.53 | 96s+0.37 | 95s+0.2 | 94s≈0 | 93s≈0 | 92s-0.1 |
| A8o+2.31 | K8o+1.4 | Q8o+0.7 | J8o+0.36 | T8o+0.29 | 98o+0.28 | 88+3.05 | 87s+0.59 | 86s+0.45 | 85s+0.26 | 84s+0.08 | 83s-0.13 | 82s-0.17 |
| A7o+2.1 | K7o+1.22 | Q7o+0.42 | J7o+0.13 | T7o+0.1 | 97o+0.12 | 87o+0.19 | 77+2.74 | 76s+0.52 | 75s+0.35 | 74s+0.16 | 73s-0.05 | 72s-0.25 |
| A6o+1.91 | K6o+1.04 | Q6o+0.32 | J6o-0.06 | T6o-0.08 | 96o≈0 | 86o≈0 | 76o+0.1 | 66+2.48 | 65s+0.43 | 64s+0.24 | 63s+0.05 | 62s-0.16 |
| A5o+1.9 | K5o+0.91 | Q5o+0.24 | J5o-0.09 | T5o-0.27 | 95o-0.22 | 85o-0.16 | 75o-0.07 | 65o≈0 | 55+2.24 | 54s+0.35 | 53s+0.16 | 52s-0.05 |
| A4o+1.79 | K4o+0.81 | Q4o+0.16 | J4o-0.17 | T4o-0.31 | 94o-0.44 | 84o-0.36 | 74o-0.28 | 64o-0.19 | 54o-0.07 | 44+1.98 | 43s+0.08 | 42s-0.12 |
| A3o+1.72 | K3o+0.73 | Q3o+0.08 | J3o-0.23 | T3o-0.39 | 93o-0.47 | 83o-0.58 | 73o-0.5 | 63o-0.41 | 53o-0.28 | 43o-0.38 | 33+1.71 | 32s-0.21 |
| A2o+1.63 | K2o+0.64 | Q2o≈0 | J2o-0.32 | T2o-0.47 | 92o-0.56 | 82o-0.62 | 72o-0.71 | 62o-0.61 | 52o-0.5 | 42o-0.58 | 32o-0.66 | 22+1.45 |
JamMixed jamFold
Expected value per hand (bb) · by seat
UTG
Highest EV: AA +5.46 KK +4.44 QQ +3.57 JJ +2.74 AKs +2.49 AKo +2.22 TT +2.1 AQs +1.64
Barely +EV (near-indifferent): A9s +0.03 44 +0.04 KQo +0.05
Looks playable, quietly loses: T9s -0.01 33 -0.05 A8s -0.06 Q9s -0.06
MP
Highest EV: AA +5.73 KK +4.77 QQ +4.08 JJ +3.45 AKs +2.97 TT +2.93 AKo +2.74 AQs +2.42
Barely +EV (near-indifferent): A8o +0.01 T8s +0.02 98s +0.04 KJo +0.05
Looks playable, quietly loses: QJo -0.01 J8s -0.03 87s -0.04 JTo -0.05 K8s -0.06 Q8s -0.07
CO
Highest EV: AA +5.8 KK +4.86 QQ +4.33 JJ +3.83 AKs +3.44 TT +3.39 AKo +3.23 AQs +3.02
Barely +EV (near-indifferent): 76s +0.02 97s +0.03 K7s +0.04
Looks playable, quietly loses: T7s -0.03 86s -0.05 K5s -0.08 T9o -0.08
BTN
Highest EV: AA +5.64 KK +4.83 QQ +4.31 JJ +3.89 AKs +3.56 TT +3.5 AKo +3.37 AQs +3.24
Barely +EV (near-indifferent): 54s +0.02 K2s +0.03 75s +0.04 Q7s +0.05 Q6s +0.05 96s +0.05
Looks playable, quietly loses: J9o -0.01 K7o -0.01 Q5s -0.02 Q9o -0.03 98o -0.05 85s -0.06 J6s -0.07 K6o -0.07
SB
Highest EV: AA +5.68 KK +5.01 QQ +4.52 JJ +4.14 TT +3.81 AKs +3.72 AKo +3.54 AQs +3.46
Barely +EV (near-indifferent): 94s +0.01 65o +0.02 86o +0.03 63s +0.05
Looks playable, quietly loses: T2s -0.02 93s -0.02 96o -0.04 73s -0.05 52s -0.05 J6o -0.06 75o -0.07 54o -0.07
Twelve blinds sits on the boundary. It is still deep enough that a min-raise leaves you room to fold to a shove, and shallow enough that most of your value hands would rather just be all in. The honest way to use this chart is as the floor: any hand shown as a profitable jam is a hand you can always shove without thinking, whatever else you might do with it.
The positions do not tighten evenly. Compare 10bb to 12bb: UTG barely moves (15% → 13%), while the small blind drops from 71% to 67%. Early-position jam ranges are already so tight that another two blinds of depth changes almost nothing; the wide, steal-driven ranges are the ones that get pruned, because they were only ever profitable on fold equity.
The EV numbers matter more here than at 8bb, because the stack is big enough that being called actually hurts. A jam that runs at +0.02bb is not a strategy — it is noise. Build your range from the hands that show a clear positive number and leave the near-zero band for the spots where you have a read.
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FAQ
Is 12bb still a push/fold stack?
Mostly. A min-raise is playable at 12bb, but push/fold gives up very little EV and eliminates every post-flop mistake. If you are not confident in your raise-fold game, jamming this chart is the higher-EV choice in practice even if it is theoretically slightly worse.
Why does the UTG range barely change between 10bb and 12bb?
Because it is already close to its floor (15% → 13%). UTG jams only hands that are profitable against eight players who can wake up with anything — pairs and big aces — and those hands stay profitable at almost any short stack. The ranges that shrink with depth are the wide ones (BTN, SB) that depend on fold equity.
Related charts
8bb Push/Fold Chart (9-Max Nash)10bb Push/Fold Chart (9-Max Nash)15bb Push/Fold Chart (9-Max Nash)20bb Push/Fold Chart (9-Max Nash)UTG Opening Range (6-Max)BB Defence vs Button Open (6-Max)
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Push/fold tables are a self-computed chip-EV Nash equilibrium (Monte-Carlo hand-class equity with card removal, 25,000 samples, seed 1234; 1bb big-blind ante). Known limits, stated plainly: they ignore ICM, assume nobody overcalls an all-in, and use hand-class rather than exact-combo equity. Exploitability for this stack: 0.017 bb/hand.
Updated 2026-10-22